{"id":5443,"date":"2021-09-27T07:29:32","date_gmt":"2021-09-27T05:29:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/blog\/?p=5443"},"modified":"2021-09-27T10:12:16","modified_gmt":"2021-09-27T08:12:16","slug":"co-jste-mozna-nevedeli-o-pozornosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/2021\/09\/27\/co-jste-mozna-nevedeli-o-pozornosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Co jste mo\u017en\u00e1 nev\u011bd\u011bli o pozornosti"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ktzj9muv-38ccde821f16856505aff8623f2cee66 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1><strong>Co jste mo\u017en\u00e1 nev\u011bd\u011bli o pozornosti<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>V\u011bd\u011bli jste, \u017ee multitaskingu \u2013 tedy soub\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho d\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce v\u011bc\u00ed najednou &#8211; je schopno asi pouze jedno procento \u010di n\u011bkolik m\u00e1lo procent lid\u00ed? (Jde pouze o kvalifikovan\u00fd odhad). A\u010dkoliv se \u0159ada lid\u00ed domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee tuto schopnost m\u00e1 (\u017een\u00e1m b\u00fdv\u00e1 podsouv\u00e1no, \u017ee klidn\u011b mohou vykon\u00e1vat n\u011bkolik \u010dinnost\u00ed doma sou\u010dasn\u011b a mu\u017ei se du\u0161uj\u00ed, \u017ee bedliv\u011b naslouchaj\u00ed sv\u00fdm prot\u011bj\u0161k\u016fm, a p\u0159itom klidn\u011b m\u016f\u017eou surfovat na internetu), ukazuje \u0159ada v\u00fdzkum\u016f, \u017ee tomu tak nen\u00ed. Dok\u00e1\u017eeme sice zb\u011b\u017en\u011b vn\u00edmat v\u00edce v\u011bc\u00ed najednou, ale v\u011bnovat se n\u011bjak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u010dinnosti vy\u017eaduje koncentraci pozornosti, tedy soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed. A to u\u017e soub\u011b\u017en\u011b v jeden moment rozd\u011blit mezi v\u00edce \u010dinnost\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou neum\u00edme.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ktzjmct7-a82fe65cc202f801dd7e39dd94027aa3\">\n.avia-image-container.av-ktzjmct7-a82fe65cc202f801dd7e39dd94027aa3 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-ktzjmct7-a82fe65cc202f801dd7e39dd94027aa3 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-ktzjmct7-a82fe65cc202f801dd7e39dd94027aa3 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-3  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-5446 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-5446 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-3.png\" alt='' title='4'  height=\"686\" width=\"1000\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-3.png 1000w, https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-3-300x206.png 300w, https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-3-768x527.png 768w, https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-3-705x484.png 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ktzjafo5-3c40f885a05627799d7618c1a917787c '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 u v\u0161ech lid\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0rychlej\u0161\u00edmu \u010di pomalej\u0161\u00edmu p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed pozornosti od jedn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti k\u00a0druh\u00e9, co\u017e s\u00a0sebou krom\u011b zpomalen\u00ed reakc\u00ed a v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed chybovosti nese tak\u00e9 rychlej\u0161\u00ed unavitelnost. V\u011bdci na Stanfordsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b do\u0161li p\u0159i sv\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumech dokonce ke zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed d\u011blaj\u00ed systematicky jednu v\u011bc po druh\u00e9, se nejen l\u00e9pe soust\u0159ed\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 si l\u00e9pe pamatuj\u00ed a vybavuj\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00e9 informace. Krom\u011b toho se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017eou mnohem l\u00e9pe filtrovat nepodstatn\u00e9 informace a nev\u011bnovat jim pozornost, zat\u00edmco multitaske\u0159i byli v\u00a0t\u00e9to \u010dinnosti v\u00fdrazn\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee mozek m\u00e1 tendenci v\u017edy n\u011bjakou dobu ulp\u00edvat na \u010dinnosti, kterou se pr\u00e1v\u011b zab\u00fdval. Odborn\u011b se tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 zbytkov\u00e1 pozornost (attention residue). Zat\u00edm nen\u00ed pops\u00e1no, kolik \u010dasu mozek pot\u0159ebuje, ne\u017e ulo\u017e\u00ed zpracov\u00e1van\u00e9 informace a naplno se za\u010dne v\u011bnovat jin\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, ale odhadem je to n\u011bkolik sekund a\u017e minut.<\/p>\n<p>Napadlo v\u00e1s n\u011bkdy, \u017ee pouh\u00fd fakt, \u017ee n\u011bkomu le\u017e\u00ed na stole \u010di lavici mobil, ovliv\u0148uje v\u00fdrazn\u011b jeho pozornost a m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt dokonce vliv na to, jestli tato osoba rozhovor s\u00a0v\u00e1mi vyhodnot\u00ed jako zaj\u00edmav\u00fd nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e jako nudn\u00fd? V\u00fdzkum u p\u011btistovky student\u016f uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee ti z\u00a0nich, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u016fj mobil nechali za dve\u0159mi m\u00edstnosti, dosahovali p\u0159i u\u010den\u00ed a v\u00a0testech lep\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f ne\u017e kontroln\u00ed skupina student\u016f s\u00a0mobilem na stole. Nic na tom nem\u011bn\u00ed ani fakt, \u017ee byl mobil v\u00a0tich\u00e9m re\u017eimu \u010di vypnut\u00fd. Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f m\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00a0n\u00e1s nutk\u00e1n\u00ed br\u00e1t mobil \u010dasto do ruky a u\u017e samotn\u00e9 (a\u010d nev\u011bdom\u00e9) odol\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tomuto poku\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 mozek zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1, spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 energii a sni\u017euje na\u0161e soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed a schopnost pamatovat si a \u0159e\u0161it \u00fakoly. Stejn\u00fd fenom\u00e9n byl pozorov\u00e1n i p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edch pokusech. Klik\u00e1n\u00ed na mobilu vede k\u00a0uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed dopaminu v\u00a0mozku, tak\u017ee doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke stimulaci na\u0161eho mozkov\u00e9ho \u201ecentra odm\u011bny\u201c. N\u00e1\u0161 mozek p\u0159irozen\u011b tou\u017e\u00ed po dal\u0161\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed d\u00e1vce. U\u017e i odol\u00e1n\u00ed poku\u0161en\u00ed vz\u00edt mobil do ruky je aktivn\u00edm rozhodnut\u00edm, kter\u00e9 zam\u011bstn\u00e1 n\u00e1\u0161 mozek a naru\u0161\u00ed na\u0161i pozornost. Podle v\u011bdc\u016f skupina student\u016f, kter\u00fdm v\u00a0dob\u011b psan\u00ed testu p\u0159i\u0161la SMS \u010di jim n\u011bkdo volal, m\u011bla a\u017e 3x v\u00edce chyb ne\u017e obdobn\u00e1 skupina bez tohoto vyru\u0161en\u00ed, a\u010dkoliv si zpr\u00e1vu nep\u0159e\u010detli a hovor nep\u0159ijali.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ktzjmk61-c783b7b563d0f5ee3337530533caca17\">\n.avia-image-container.av-ktzjmk61-c783b7b563d0f5ee3337530533caca17 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-ktzjmk61-c783b7b563d0f5ee3337530533caca17 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-ktzjmk61-c783b7b563d0f5ee3337530533caca17 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-7  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-5445 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-5445 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-4.png\" alt='' title='3'  height=\"686\" width=\"1000\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-4.png 1000w, https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-4-300x206.png 300w, https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-4-768x527.png 768w, https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-4-705x484.png 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ktzjb3yt-6b2f43178afa47fc1e92849afe28cd34 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Mohla bych pokra\u010dovat informacemi o tom, \u017ee obdobn\u011b rozt\u011bkan\u00e1 je nejen pozornost \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, ale i na\u0161e vlastn\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, o tom, \u017ee mnoz\u00ed z\u00a0n\u00e1s m\u00e1me nutkavou pot\u0159ebu vz\u00edt mobil do ruky v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu sledov\u00e1n\u00ed televize, \u010dten\u00ed kn\u00ed\u017eky, p\u0159i j\u00eddle \u010di na z\u00e1chod\u011b, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed si p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1pisy rukou si l\u00e9pe pamatuj\u00ed probran\u00e9 u\u010divo ne\u017e ti, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di \u010di tabletu, nebo o tom, \u017ee p\u0159eskakov\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00a0jedn\u00e9 informace na druhou nap\u0159. na internetu m\u00e1me sice pocit, \u017ee se toho hodn\u011b dozv\u00edme, ale re\u00e1ln\u011b ned\u00e1me mozku sign\u00e1l, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o n\u011bco d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho ani \u010das na konsolidaci pam\u011bti (ulo\u017een\u00ed informace do pam\u011bti) a tud\u00ed\u017e po odlo\u017een\u00ed mobilu nejsme schopni si vybavit v\u011bt\u0161inu str\u00e1nek, kter\u00e9 jsme pr\u00e1v\u011b pro\u0161li (\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 se tomu Google efekt), tak\u017ee pouze klou\u017eeme po povrchu a d\u00e1vkujeme si sv\u016fj dopamin uspokojov\u00e1n\u00edm zv\u011bdavosti a nad\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee te\u010f se t\u0159eba objev\u00ed n\u011bco zaj\u00edmav\u00e9ho. Taky bych mohla dodat, \u017ee odebr\u00e1n\u00ed mobilu (nejen) adolescent\u016fm m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stresov\u00e9 reakce, \u010di \u017ee podle ankety tr\u00e1v\u00ed dvan\u00e1cti a\u017e \u0161estn\u00e1ctilet\u00ed adolescenti a\u017e t\u0159etinu bd\u011bl\u00e9ho \u010dasu na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch a nar\u016fstaj\u00ed po\u010dty depresivn\u00edch \u010di \u00fazkostn\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. V\u0161echno tohle podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru stoj\u00ed za zamy\u0161len\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Nechci ale skon\u010dit negativn\u011b, proto p\u0159ipoj\u00edm je\u0161t\u011b jedno zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete sami vyzkou\u0161et \u010di prakticky vyu\u017e\u00edt a p\u0159edat d\u00e1l. Pohyb zlep\u0161uje jak pam\u011b\u0165, tak schopnost soust\u0159edit se. U\u017e \u0161est minut cvi\u010den\u00ed denn\u011b po dobu \u010dty\u0159 t\u00fddn\u016f s\u00a0d\u011btmi v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 \u0161kole vedlo k\u00a0viditeln\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m. \u0160lo p\u0159itom o cviky na koordinaci pohyb\u016f. \u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byly i d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 si zacvi\u010dily p\u00e1r minut t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdkonu ve \u0161kole, co\u017e se projevilo zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b u d\u011bt\u00ed s\u00a0ADHD. Tak\u017ee kdy\u017e u\u017e m\u00e1me d\u011bti po distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduce zp\u00e1tky ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch a pod dohledem, zamysleme se trochu. Jak nad u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm mobil\u016f a po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, tak i nad t\u00edm, jak na zlep\u0161en\u00ed jejich i sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed schopnosti soust\u0159edit se m\u016f\u017eeme zapracovat. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee to je celkem smyslupln\u00e1 v\u00fdzva.<\/p>\n<h5>Mgr. et Mgr. Eva Martin\u00e1kov\u00e1<\/h5>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u011bd\u011bli jste, \u017ee multitaskingu je schopno asi pouze jedno procento \u010di n\u011bkolik m\u00e1lo procent lid\u00ed? A\u010dkoliv se \u0159ada lid\u00ed domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee tuto schopnost m\u00e1, ukazuje \u0159ada v\u00fdzkum\u016f, \u017ee tomu tak nen\u00ed. Dok\u00e1\u017eeme sice zb\u011b\u017en\u011b vn\u00edmat v\u00edce v\u011bc\u00ed najednou, ale v\u011bnovat se n\u011bjak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u010dinnosti vy\u017eaduje koncentraci pozornosti, tedy soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed. A to u\u017e soub\u011b\u017en\u011b v jeden moment rozd\u011blit mezi v\u00edce \u010dinnost\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou neum\u00edme.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":5446,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychologie-motivace"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5443","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5443"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5443\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5449,"href":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5443\/revisions\/5449"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klett.cz\/soutez\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}